Risk of 30-Day All-Cause Readmission in Interstitial Lung Disease Patients after COVID-19: National-Level Data.
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Vaeli Zadeh A, Dinparastisaleh R, Vaezi A, Bandyopadhyay D, Rubinstein I, Baig HZ, Calderon-Candelario R, Hashemi Shahraki A, Kawasaki T, Magnusson JM, Larsson L, Sharafkhaneh A, Herazo-Maya JD, Lee AS, Mirsaeidi M
Ann Am Thorac Soc - (-) - [2023-12-22; online 2023-12-22]
Hospital readmission within 30 days poses challenges for healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients due to its impact on care quality, costs, and outcomes. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients are particularly affected by readmission, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. While small sample sizes have hindered previous studies, this study seeks to address this gap in knowledge by examining a large-scale dataset. To determine the rate and probability of 30-day all-cause readmission and secondary outcomes in COVID-19 or ILD patients admitted to the hospital. This study is a nested cohort study using the PearlDiver patient records database. Adult patients (≥18 years) who were admitted to hospitals in 28 states of the US with COVID-19 or ILD diagnoses were included. We defined and analyzed two separate cohorts in this study. The first cohort consisted of COVID-19 patients, that later formed two groups with or without ILD history and the second cohort compromised ILD patients which later formed groups of with COVID-19 or with non-COVID-19 Pneumonia diagnosis at admission. We also studied two other sub cohorts of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF under the second cohort. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to match confounders between groups. The Kaplan Meier log rank test was applied to compare the probability of outcomes. We assessed the data of 2,286,775 patients with COVID-19 and 118892 patients with ILD. We found that COVID-19 patients with pre-existing ILD had an odds ratio of 1.6 for 30-day all-cause readmission rates. Similarly, an odds ratio of 2.42 in readmission rates was observed among hospitalized individuals with ILD who contracted COVID-19 compared to those who have hospitalized for non-COVID-19 pneumonia. . Our study also found a significantly higher probability of ICU admission among patients in both cohorts. ILD patients face heightened rates of hospital readmissions, particularly when combined with COVID-19, resulting in adverse outcomes such as decreased quality of life and increased healthcare expenses. It is imperative to prioritize preventive measures against COVID-19 and establish effective post-discharge care strategies for ILD patients.
PubMed 38134434
DOI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202305-491OC
Crossref 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202305-491OC