High Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine-an Observational Study in Adults from Ronneby, Sweden.
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Andersson AG, Lundgren A, Xu Y, Nielsen C, Lindh CH, Pineda D, Cederlund J, Pataridou E, Søgaard Tøttenborg S, Ugelvig Petersen K, Fletcher T, Lagging M, Bemark M, Jakobsson K, Li Y
Environ Health Perspect 131 (8) 87007 [2023-08-00; online 2023-08-14]
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used, environmentally ubiquitous, and stable chemicals that have been associated with lower vaccine-induced antibody responses in children; however, data on adults are limited. The drinking water from one of the two waterworks in Ronneby, Sweden, was heavily contaminated for decades with PFAS from firefighting foams, primarily perfluorohexane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 offered a unique opportunity to investigate antibody responses to primary vaccination in adults who had been exposed to PFAS. Our objective was to evaluate associations between PFAS, across a wide range of exposure levels, and antibody responses in adults 5 wk and 6 months after a two-dose vaccination regime against SARS-CoV-2. Adults age 20-60 y from Ronneby (, median PFOS serum level n=309, fifth to 95th percentile 47 ng/mL) and a group with background exposure (4-213 ng/mL, median PFOS serum level n=47) received two doses of the Spikevax (Moderna) mRNA vaccine. The levels of seven PFAS were measured in serum before vaccination. Serum immunoglobulin G antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen (S-Abs) were measured before vaccination and at 5 wk (4 ng/mL) and 6 months (n=350) after the second vaccine dose. Linear regression analyses were fitted against current, historical, and prenatal exposure to PFAS, adjusting for sex, age, and smoking, excluding individuals with previous SARS-CoV-2-infection.n=329 PFAS exposure, regardless of how it was estimated, was not negatively associated with antibody levels 5 wk [current PFOS: S-Abs/PFOS interquartile range (IQR); 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.5%, 7] or 6 months (current PFOS: 3% S-Abs/PFOS IQR; 95% CI: -8, 12) after COVID-19 vaccination.-6 Following a strict study protocol, rigorous study design, and few dropouts, we found no indication that PFAS exposure negatively affected antibody responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination for up to 6 months after vaccination. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11847.
PubMed 37578904
DOI 10.1289/EHP11847
Crossref 10.1289/EHP11847
pmc: PMC10424820
EudraCT: 2021-000842-16